以前就听说过肺炎是由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的急性肺化脓性炎症。在许多国家，金黄色葡萄球菌是造成院内感染的主要致病菌之一。常发生于有基础疾病如糖尿病、血液病、艾滋病、肝病或原有支气管肺疾病者。儿童患流感或麻疹时也易患此病。多表现为急骤起病，高热、寒战、胸痛，脓性痰。X线表现为坏死性肺炎，如肺脓肿、肺气囊肿和脓胸。若治疗不及时或不当，病死率甚高。而如今又可导致新型肺炎？
金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）可以将编码毒素的基因与其它菌株交换，而且很明显地，这个交换基因的过程经常发生。
根据这篇发表于最新一期Science的研究报告，这种毒素称为Panton Valentine leukocidin或PVL，会导致肺炎，而可能杀死健康组织。
引领研究的德州A&M健康科学中心Gabriela Bowden表示，幸运的是，受到感染的患者会马上发高烧，所以细心的医生一下子就可以辨认出这种细菌感染。
06年12月，带有新毒素的MRSA杀死了二名英国患者，而这种肺炎被称为坏死性肺炎。患者受到感染后，肺部组织会被破坏且会导致一些免疫细胞死亡。PVL本身的毒性强到可以破坏肺部，而且毒素完全不受抗生素影响。
ATCC菌种：金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach 菌株拉丁名
(ATCC? BAA-1758?) 菌株编号
Strain Designations 菌株别名 1-1-493
Application 用途 Drug discovery
Isolation 分离源 Human subject
Biosafety Level 生物安全等级 2
Biosafety classification is based on U.S. Public Health Service Guidelines, it is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that their facilities comply with biosafety regulations for their own country.
Product Format 提供形式 freeze-dried
Storage Conditions保藏方法
Frozen 冷冻物: -80℃ or colder
Freeze-Dried 冻干物: 2℃ to 8℃
Live Culture 活菌: See Propagation Section
Preceptrol? no
Genotype pvl negative
Type Strain 模式菌株 no
Antibiotic Resistance Methicillin resistant
Comments 注释 MRSA SCCmec: Type IV PFGE type: USA800 spa type Ridom: t088 spa type Kreiswirth: TJMBMDMGGMK pvl gene amplification: Negative Clonal complex: CC5 Sequence type: ST5 Phenotypic and genotypic information for ATCC MRSA strains, such as SCCmec, PFGE, or spa typing, is provided for informational purposes only.
This information was compiled from testing performed by one or more sources, including ATCC, strain depositor, published data, or contracted research.
Medium 培养基 ATCC? Medium 3: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth
Growth Conditions 生长条件
Temperature 培养温度: 37℃
Atmosphere 需氧情况: Aerobic Genotype pvl negative
Name of Depositor B Limbago
Isolation 分离源 Human subject
References 参考文献 McDougal LK, et al. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the United States: establishing a national database. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41(11): 5113-5120, 2003. PubMed: 14605147
Monecke S, et al. A field guide to pandemic, epidemic and sporadic clones of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS One 6(4): e17936, 2011. PubMed: 21494333